1971 » Spain » Stage design and costumes

ŠPANĚLSKO

Although Spain is for the first time taking part in the Prague Quadrennial, we take it for conveniet to present there solely a selection of theatrical productions having been brought into effect during the recent five years. In fact, we are of the opinion that just such a selection will become capable of demonstrating clearly the present-day situation of the costume and stage design art in Spain after the development the Spanish theatre was passing through after the World War II. The establishment of educational centres, as the College of Dramatic Art in Madrid (Escuela Superior de Arte Dramático), the Institute of Théatre in Barcelona (Instituto del Teatro), the Official School of Cinematography in Madrid (Escuela Oficial de Cinematografía), the Adriá Gual School in Barcelona (Escuela Adriá Gual) and the Teatro Estudio de Madrid — of which the first three ones have, in addition to other technical special lines, also sections of stage and costume design — has in a decisive manner influenced the evolution of the scenographic creation both from the artistic and the technological point of view. Many artists, after having completed their studies of design and painting at various arts and crafts schools, could develop and fathom in these centres their specialization within the scope of stage and costume design to such an extent so as to constitute today the essential basis for tendencies referring to the creative renovation of the scenic area in the Spanish theatre. On the other band, the National Centre of Theatrical Documentation (Centro Nacionál de Documentación Teatral), having been originated recently, guarantees not only the conservation of the artistic elements as for all theatrical representations in Spain, but also their adequate documentation for future studies. These activities are completed by the Superior Institute of Theatrical Studies (Instituto Superior de Estudios Teatrales) that informs the professional artists about the activities and theatrical creations in the world, about new experiments and evolution tendencies within the scope of theatre concerns by means of monothematic lectures.

Exhibiting artists / ateliers

• Javier Artiñano

Additional information: Born in 1942 at San Pedro Montes de la Oca in the province of San José de Costa Rica. He is of Spanish nationality. Studied at the San Fernando College of Fine Arts in Madrid. He co-operates with the group „Los Goliardos". For professional theatres he has designed costumes and stage sets to plays by Bonnacci, Figueiredo, Buero Vallejo, Brecht and by some other playwrights.

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Exhibiting works

• : (Medeia), Teatro Espanol 0
  
  
  
• Antonio Buero-Vallejo: (The Rational Dream), 1970
  

  

  

  

  

  
  
  
• Bertolt Brecht: (The Caucasian Chalk Circle ), 1970
  
  
  
• Elizabeth Buckley Howell

Additional information: Born in New York City. She is of American nationality. Mother of four children and married to Fergus Reid Buckley, author and novelist. She spends her time between New York, Madrid, Lanzarote (in the Canary Islands) and travelling to other exotic places. Spanish Editor to Harper's Bazaar. Founder and President of the Teatro Estudio de Madrid. Designer of theatre costumes. Professional interior decorator. Free lance artist. She will soon become lecturer on fashion in the United States.

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Exhibiting works

• Guillén De Castro: (The Youth of Cid), T. N. Espanol 1968
  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  
  
  
• Sigfrido Burman

Additional information: Born in 1891 at Northain (Hannover). In 1906 he was given a scholarship of tlhe Imperial School in Berlin for one year's study of painting in Florence. After his return to Germany he was at work with Max Reinhardt at the Schauspielhaus in Dusseldorf. In 1910 he went to Granada in order to engage in painting there, and settled down in Spain definitely. In 1925 he started work as stage designer in the Gregorio Martinez Sierra Company and toured with it tlhe whole of Latin America. After his return to Spain he was for a period of thirteen years at work with the Margarita Xirgu Company being engaged in works by Alberti, Garcia Lorca and by Casona. In 1940 he became décor chief at the Film Studios in Aranjuez, yet he continued to co-operate with the National Theatres of the country. His settings having been brought into effect within the range of nearly a three-quarter century formed the topič of an anthologic exhibition at the Pueblo Club in Madrid. Sigfrido Burman was awarded the National Theatre Prize, the Prize of the Critique and the Gold Medal.

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Exhibiting works

• T. Luca de Tena: (Light Overe the Bed), T. Belllas Artes 1967
  
  
  
• J. Salom: (Les Dauphines), T. N. Calderon de la Barca 1969
  

  
  
  
• Manuel Calvo

Additional information: Born at Oviedo in Spain. He completed studies at the School of Fine Arts. In Paris he co-operated with the group of concretists; he has participated in the exhibitions of the Biennial in Venice, the Biennial in Sao Paulo and in exhibitions of the greater part of world cultural centres. After his return to Spain he studied costume and stage design at the Official School of Cinematography, and since that time he divides up his activities proportionately between painting and stage design. Within the recent years he had several exhibitions in Madrid, Barcelona and in other cities, and he designed stage sets to plays by Brecht, Arrabal, Cabral de Melo, Valle Inclan and by Adamov. The bibliography ooncerning his works of painting involves a large number of pictures.

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• Victor Maria Cortezo

Additional information: Born in 1908 in Madrid. Trainee of a French Lycée. In 1929 he left for Paris where he settled down as painter. In 1930, after his return to Madrid, he began to collaborate as stage designer with the National Theatres and with various private companies. His most important designs are stage sets to plays by Moratín, Camus, Giraudoux, Miller, Pirandello, Chekhov, Calderon, Moliēre and by some other playwrights. He has also co-operated in stagings of prominent Spanish ballet ensembles as the ones of Antonio, Pilar Lopez, Mariemme, etc. He has been awarded the National Theatre Prize, the Latin Theatre Prize and the Prize of the Critique.

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Exhibiting works

• Jean-Baptiste Molière: (The Learned Ladies), T. N. Espanol 1967
  

  

  
  
  
• Salvador Dali

Additional information: Born in 1904. Studied at the San Fernando College of Fine Arts in Madrid. He is a member of the group of surrealist painters in Paris. In 1928 he co-operad with Luis Buñuel on the film An Andalusian Dog, and in 1930 on the film The Gold Age. At that time he staged a number of famous ballets as well. In 1950 he designed the sets to Don Juan Tenorio by Zorrilla having been put on the stage of the Maria Guerrero National Theatre by Luis Escobar and Hubert Peréz de la Ossa. An actualized version of this first performance, again under the stage direction of Luis Escobar, was presented at the Spanish National Theatre in 1964. Yet worth mentioning are his stage sets to Salome by R. Strauss at Covent Garden in London and to As You Like It by W. Shakespeare having been staged in Rome. The bibliography concerning his works of painting is varied and involves a large number of pictures. His works are located in all principal world picture-galleries.

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Exhibiting works

• J. Zorrilla: (Don Juan Tenorio), T. N. Espanol 1964
  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  
  
  
• Pablo Gago

Additional information: Born in 1930 at Leon. He studied at the School of Fine Arts and at the Official School of Cinematography. He was at work as art-painter in Paris. At present he heads the Chair of Stage Direction at the College of Dramatic Art in Madrid and the Chair of Projection at the Official School of Cinematography. He is the author of décors to more than one hundred stage-plays; his most important designs are the stage sets to plays by Fabbri, Anouilh, Williams, Faulkner, Lévi, Betti, Wilder, Beckett, Ionesco, Ghelderode, 0'Casey, 0'NeilI, Mihura, Sartre, Zorrilla, Shakespeare, Gala and by Taibo. He is a permanent collaborator with the National Theatre of the country and with the Spanish cinematography where he has participated in the productions of films by Aranda, Guerin, Patino, etc. As art-painter he has organized numerous exhibitions in France, in Spain and in other countries.

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Exhibiting works

• Jose Zorrilla: (Don Juan Tenorio), T. N. Espanol 1968
  

  
  
  
• Lope de Vega: (Scamp Castrucho), T. N. Espanol 1968
  
  
  
• Carlos Muniz: (The Old Trouble-Makers), T. Beatriz 1966
  
  
  
• Manuel Mampaso

Additional information: Born in 1924 at La Corogne in Spain. Studied at the College of Fine Arts in Madrid (where the degree of doctor in the special line of design and painttag was conferred on him). He took part in the 2nd Biennial in Sao Paulo in 1953 and in the Venice Biennial in 1956 and 1958. In 1958 he was appointed art director of the Spanish Pavilion at Expo in Brussels. He had exhibitions in Madrid, Brussels, Rio de Janeiro, Paris, Barcelona as well as in a number of cities in the Federal Repulic of Germany and in the United States. His most important designs are stage sets to plays by Chekhov, Důrrenmatt, Ionesco, Williams, 0'Neill, Unamuno, Rojas, Gorky, Buero Vallejo, Sartre and by some other playwrights. He is at work for National Theatres and for the principal private companies in Spain.

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Exhibiting works

• J. Benavente - E. Ortenbach: (Benavente), T. N. M. Guerrero 1966
  
  
  
• Miguel Narros

Additional information: Born in 1928 in Madrid. He studied at the College of Dramatic Art in Madrid. In 1948 he entered as play-actor the National Company Maria Guerrero. In 1955 he originated the Pequeño Teatro which he is directing and in which he presents works by avant-garde authors being totally unknown in Spain as yet. In 1960 he founded the Teatro Estudio in Madrid where the new generation of Spanish play-actors is being formed. In 1966 he was appointed manager of the Spanish National Theatre, and he held this function until 1970. In 1955 he started work as stage designer. The Spanish scenography is indebted to him for its renovation and its actualization.

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Exhibiting works

• Tirso de Molina: (Damned for Lack Of Faith), T. N. Espanol 1970
  

  

  
  
  
• Francisco Nieva

Additional information: Born in 1929 at Valdepeňas (Ciudad Real Province). Studied at the San Fernando College of Fine Arts in Madrid. In 1947 he settled down for a long period in Paris; he exhibited his paintings at the Biennial in Paris, the Biennial in Venice, and in other capitals as for instance in Brussels, Berlin, Vienna, etc. In 1958 he returned to Spain and started work in the field of scenic design. He wrote essays on the plastic art within the theatre. These essays have been published by the National Centre of French Scientific Research Work in the Review of Aesthetics and in tlhe Bulletin Hispanique de la Sorbonne. In Spain he is publishing in the reviews Insula, Primer Acto and Jorik. He has brought into effect décors to plays by Ionesco, Calderón, Arniches, Benavente, Weiss, Frisch, Claudel, Miller, Giraudoux, Tirso de Molina, 0'Casey, Chekhov and by other playwrights. The Berlin Komische Oper invited him to design the settings to Cinderella by Prokofiev and the Teatro Massimo in Palermo the ones to Capricho español by Rimski-Korsakov and to Bolero by Ravel. At the theatre Liceo in Barcelona he staged the play Una cosa rara (A Rare Case) by Martin Soler, and the décor was put into his hands as well. He has been awarded the Singer Polignac Prize in France, the Prize of the Spanish Critique in 1968 and 1969, and the National Theatre Prize in 1970. He is professor at the School of Dramatic Art in Madrid and at the College of Fine Arts in Madrid.

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Exhibiting works

• Paul Claudel: (The Satin Slipper), T. N. Espanol 1965
  

  
  
  
• Calderón de la Barca: (Tha Fairy Lady), T. N. Espanol 1966